Structure of Adhaar Number

Tides are the regular rise and fall of sea levels caused primarily by the gravitational forces exerted by the Moon and the Sun, along with the rotation of the Earth. They typically follow a semi-diurnal pattern, with most coastal areas experiencing two high tides and two low tides each day. The highest tides, known as spring tides, occur during full and new moons when the Sun, Moon, and Earth are aligned. The lowest high tides and the highest low tides, called neap tides, occur during the first and third quarters of the moon when the Sun and Moon are at right angles relative to the Earth.

1. What is the reason of tide (Jwara Bhata)?

Tides are the regular rise and fall of sea levels caused by the gravitational forces exerted by the Moon and the Sun, and the rotation of the Earth. The primary reasons for tides are:

1. Gravitational Pull of the Moon: The Moon's gravity pulls the water on the side of the Earth closest to the Moon, causing a high tide. On the opposite side of the Earth, inertia (the tendency of the water to keep moving in a straight line) causes another high tide.

2. Gravitational Pull of the Sun: The Sun also exerts a gravitational force on the Earth's waters, but it is less effective than the Moon's pull because the Sun is much farther away. However, during new and full moons, the gravitational forces of the Moon and the Sun align, causing higher than usual high tides, known as spring tides.

3. Earth's Rotation: As the Earth rotates, different areas of the Earth's surface move into and out of the tidal bulges caused by the gravitational forces of the Moon and the Sun, resulting in the regular pattern of two high tides and two low tides each day.

Together, these forces create the complex and predictable patterns of tides observed in the world's oceans.

2. What is the frequency of rise and fall of tides?

The frequency of tides typically follows a semi-diurnal pattern, meaning there are two high tides and two low tides each day. This pattern results in the following approximate frequencies:

1. Semi-diurnal Tides: In most coastal areas, the tides follow a semi-diurnal cycle, with two high tides and two low tides every 24 hours and 50 minutes. Each high and low tide occurs roughly 12 hours and 25 minutes apart.

2. Diurnal Tides: In some locations, there is only one high tide and one low tide each day, resulting in a diurnal tide cycle. This means one high tide and one low tide approximately every 24 hours and 50 minutes.

3. Mixed Tides: Some coastal areas experience mixed tides, which are a combination of semi-diurnal and diurnal tides. These areas may have two high tides and two low tides of different heights each day.

The exact timing and height of tides can vary based on geographic location, the shape of the coastline, ocean currents, and local weather conditions.

The interactions between the Sun, Moon, and Earth's rotation play crucial roles in the timing and magnitude of tides. Here's how each factor contributes:

1. Moon's Gravity: The Moon's gravitational pull is the primary driver of tides. The side of the Earth closest to the Moon experiences a stronger gravitational pull, leading to a bulge of water, creating a high tide. On the opposite side of the Earth, inertia creates another high tide. These tidal bulges move as the Earth rotates, resulting in semi-diurnal tides (two high and two low tides per day).

2. Sun's Gravity: Although the Sun is much farther from the Earth than the Moon, its gravitational force also affects tides. The Sun's influence is about half as strong as the Moon's. When the Sun, Moon, and Earth are aligned (during full and new moons), their gravitational forces combine to produce higher high tides and lower low tides, known as spring tides. When the Sun and Moon are at right angles relative to the Earth (during the first and third quarters of the moon), their gravitational forces partially cancel each other out, resulting in lower high tides and higher low tides, known as neap tides.

3. Earth's Rotation: The rotation of the Earth causes different parts of the world to move into and out of the tidal bulges created by the Moon's and Sun's gravitational forces. This rotation contributes to the regular rise and fall of tides observed twice daily in most coastal areas (semi-diurnal tides).

Together, these factors create the rhythmic pattern of tides that we observe. The combined gravitational effects of the Moon and Sun, along with the Earth's rotation, lead to the complex but predictable tidal cycles.

3. What can be the max height of tides?

The maximum height of tides, known as tidal range, can vary significantly depending on geographic location, coastal topography, and other factors. Some of the highest tidal ranges in the world occur in the following locations:

1. Bay of Fundy, Canada: The Bay of Fundy is famous for having the highest tides in the world. The tidal range can reach up to 16 meters (about 53 feet) during spring tides.

2. Ungava Bay, Canada: This bay also experiences very high tides, with a tidal range of up to 15 meters (about 49 feet).

3. Severn Estuary, United Kingdom: The Severn Estuary can see tidal ranges up to 15 meters (about 49 feet).

4. Mont Saint-Michel, France: The tidal range at Mont Saint-Michel can reach up to 14 meters (about 46 feet).

5. Cook Inlet, Alaska, USA: Tides in Cook Inlet can vary up to 12 meters (about 39 feet).

These high tidal ranges are due to the specific shape of these bays and estuaries, which amplify the tidal movements. Most coastal areas around the world experience much smaller tidal ranges, typically between 1 and 3 meters (3 to 10 feet).

During a full moon and a new moon, the tides are indeed the highest, but during the first and third quarters of the moon, the tides are lower. Here’s a more detailed explanation:

1. Spring Tides: These occur during the full moon and new moon phases. During these times, the Sun, Moon, and Earth are aligned, either in a straight line (new moon) or directly opposite each other (full moon). This alignment causes the gravitational forces of the Moon and the Sun to combine, producing higher high tides and lower low tides. These tides are called spring tides, and they are the highest tides.

2. Neap Tides: These occur during the first and third quarters of the moon. During these times, the Sun and Moon are at right angles relative to the Earth. This configuration causes their gravitational forces to partially cancel each other out, resulting in lower high tides and higher low tides. These tides are called neap tides, and they are the lowest tides.

So, the highest tides occur during full moon and new moon phases, while the lowest high tides and the highest low tides (neap tides) occur during the first and third quarter moon phases.